It has three subscales including parental distress, parent-child dysfunctional interaction and difficult child. Parenting Stress-Short Form (PSI-SF): this is a 36-item questionnaire, which was presented by Abidin in 1995.
Four participants were excluded because of their absence in more than two sessions, and statistical analysis was done on 16 mothers. The intervention program was held at the Behesht education center, by a team consisting of two psychiatrists and one clinical psychologist. The intervention plan designed by the authors was derived from the studies of Curwen et al. The subjects participated in seven 90-minute group cognitive behavior therapy sessions, on a weekly basis. Psychological appraisal was done by a child and adolescent psychiatrist a double-check appraisal was conducted by a clinical psychologist. The exclusion criteria included being absent for more than two sessions. Inclusion criteria included level of education of high school graduation or higher, lack of any psychotic and major psychiatric disorder, and completion of the informed consent. Among the mothers who had volunteered to participate in this study, 20 met the inclusion criteria and received information about the aims of this research. Mothers of children with autism who had attended the Behesht and Nahal education centers of Ahvaz were invited to participate in this study. Therefore people with emotional disorders can improve their mental health by changing such thinking patterns (which is assumed to be learnt) ( 13). Emotional disorders rooted in negatively biased thinking makes emotional disorders. Thoughts can lead to emotions and behavior.
A change in any one component will be accompanied by changes in the other components. According to this approach, thoughts, emotions and behaviors and physiology are part of an integrated system. ( 11) showed that parenting stress reduces the effectiveness of early teaching interventions for autistic spectrum disorders.Ĭonsidering the above-mentioned points, it is necessary to provide appropriate interventions to support families (especially mothers) with improving their coping abilities towards stress.Ĭognitive behavioral therapy is an effective evidence-based psychological intervention for the improvement of some psychological and psychiatric problems ( 12). Parenting stress is experienced by most parents, as such aversive feelings are associated with the demands of the parenting role ( 9), however it has been reported that parents of children with autism and behavior disorders experience statistically and clinically higher levels of parenting stress than parents of children with Down syndrome or normal development ( 10). The parenting stress of families who have a child with a disability is an area that has been the subject of considerable research ( 8). Some studies found that parents of children with autism experience components of stress, such as decreased family cohesion, burnout and somatic complaints, more than parents of normal children or parents of children with other disabilities such as mental retardation or other developmental disabilities ( 7). They also experience more marital distress and have conflicts with their non-disabled children ( 6). They are hypersensitive and anxious, and often experience frustration, pessimism, and particular characteristics such as schizoid traits and higher traits of aloof ( 3- 6). Autistic disorder is a pervasive developmental disorder characterized by delay and deviance in the development of social, communicative and other skills, various motor mannerisms, resistance to change, and idiosyncratic interests and preoccupations ( 1).Įxisting studies have reported that parents of children with autistic disorder had significantly lower level of mental health compared to parents of children without autism ( 2).
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